Comparing Jewish Law and Hammurabi Code - 722 Words

Krishna Bojja Saldivar World History AP 5 September 5, 2012 Comparing The Hammurabi’s Code of Law to Jewish Regulations 1) The Babylonian law tried to put a monetary value on different parts of justice, and equate crimes together regardless of intention, leading to the popular saying, â€Å"an eye for an eye†. This view does not work with a large, professional bureaucracy as it would soon leave the leading kingdom bankrupt. The use of volunteers by the state is exemplified by the â€Å"success† of the laws. The leading kingdom believed that laws would be upheld by volunteers, thus preventing anarchy, and establishing rule over the Babylonian people. Public works were also upheld by the â€Å"volunteers† as they brought forward people to†¦show more content†¦Babylonian religion however, unlike Jewish Law stressed the power mostly on the state, and supported the moral and ethical views of the common people, but not necessarily on the view of God. 5) The source for the Babylonian law in Mesopotamia originated from the views of Hammurabi, a victorious king. The source for the Jewish law mostly came from the Old Testament, especially exodus, the second book of the bible; meaning the Jews’ laws were influenced by their religious views concerningShow MoreRelatedExegesis on Deut 6:4-64154 Words   |  17 Pages(Wolf 1991) Book The Hebrew appellation for this title is called Mishmeh Torah מ× ©Ã—  Ã—” × ªÃ—•× ¨Ã—” which means â€Å"repeated law† or â€Å"second law† (to show continuity from the Sinai Covenant laws) . The word Deuteronomy came from the Greek title deuteronomion which means the same as repeated law. This is taken from the verse Deut. 17:18. Consistent with its contents, Deuteronomy delivers a review of the laws and history which have taken place in the first four books of the Pentateuch (also known as tetrateuch)

Tragedy of Deforestation in the Amazon Rainforest Essay

The Amazon rainforest in Brazil is the world largest rainforest with over 30 million different species of plants, animals and insects. The rainforest used to cover of the earths surface but today only covers . This is mainly because some parts of the forest are being rapidly deforested because the forest is so useful to so many people. Deforestation provides benefits for many different companies which wish to make large amounts of money. Also Brazil owes large amount of Depts. and so the government believe that by developing the forest it will help to contribute towards the payment of these depts. Nevertheless it causes many problems for the ecosystems of the forest and the world.†¦show more content†¦Ã‚ · Leaving the forest for the tribes who have lived in the forest for thousands of years. One of the developments that have taken place in the Amazon is mining. Large amounts of minerals such as iron ore, gold, copper, bauxite and other minerals can be found in the grounds of the rainforest. People in the developed counties buy these raw materials for many purposes such as car manufacturing. The mining helps people to improve their living standards as there are many jobs created in the mines. Because more jobs are created the people will have much more spare money which they can spend in shops, restaurants, banks e.t.c. This will cause a multiplier effect as more people will be spending more money and so more jobs will be created such as waitress. Because labour is cheap the employers will not have to pay the workers much money and so there will be more workers. The people who get this job think it is a good way to develop the rainforest as they earn a lot more money than they were earning which helps them improve their living standards. The mining also helps Brazil become more developed as it strengths the economy of Brazil. The minerals can be sold to different countries which will bring income. Also the foreign companies which own mines in the rainforest would have to pay tax. The money from this would contribute towards developing the country. TheShow MoreRelatedDeforestation of Our Rainforests931 Words   |  4 PagesThe most destructive and harmful tragedy that our rainforests, specifically the Amazon, suffer from is deforestation. Deforestation is the clearing or destruction of land throughout forests. Unfortunately, human beings are the number one cause of deforestation throughout the world. The reason if this is simply because we use the wood mainly for things like hydroelectric dams that power communities, palm oil for its biofuel resourcefulness, and the mining for diamond and gold. Another reason wouldRead MoreWhat Effect Does Deforestation Have On The World?1553 Words   |  7 PagesWhat effect does deforestation have on the world? Many people believe that deforestation has a negative impact on the world because it stops carbon dioxide in take (how trees take carbon dioxide from air to purify the oxygen), causes soil erosion and destroys habitats for many species, however many do not as it supplies jobs for thousands of people, it helps environments in particular places and frees land for grazing animals and houses. Firstly, it allows thousands of people to have jobs to earnRead MoreGlobal Warming and the Effect on Plant Diversity2318 Words   |  10 Pagesbecoming one of the many worldwide dilemmas facing our planet. The rapid rate of deforestation is reaching disastrous limits as the demands for resources far exceed supplies. Rainforests provide a home to many species of plants, both known and unknown. Our dependencies on tropical plants are vast ranging from the daily essentials of food and shelter, to cures for cancer and possibly AIDS. As destruction of the rainforest continues, the effects on plants are immense through the loss of genetic diversityRead MoreThe Deforestation Of The Amazon Rainforest1574 Words   |  7 Pages A real life example of a social dilemma is the deforestation of the amazon rainforest. In the early 2000’s rapid industrialisation, immense scales of agriculture and other economic activities led to 20% of the territory being destroyed. The scale of dest ruction particularly, within Brazil was so large; NASA released an image confirming the effects were detectable from space, (Winter, 2014) Many of the contributing parties to the problem included, developers, subsistence farmers, cattle-ranchersRead MoreCriticizing and Resistence of Science Today Essay2402 Words   |  10 Pagesbelievers and environmental activists. During the twentieth century, science has been the cause of various catastrophic events, and tragedy. The failure of science on the environment on more than a few number occasions has made it subject to immeasurable criticisms and has influenced the formation of a series of resistance groups. An example of such failure is deforestation or open tree felling. There are several consequences surrounding this issue including most importantly the loss of biodiversityRead MoreEssay about Definition of Sustainability and a Good Structure of It3277 Words   |  14 Pagesdeteriorating and the climate is changing. We are consuming so much, and so quickly, that we are already living far beyond the earths capacity to support us. And yet, nearly a sixth of our fellow humans go to bed hungry each day: both an unnecessary tragedy and a source of social and political unrest. Meanwhile, our globalized world is more interconnected and volatile than ever, making us all more vulnerable. While sustainability is about the future of our society, for todays industries and businessesRead MoreEnvironmental Degradation9511 Words   |  39 Pageshabitat fragmentation occurred like the tropical rainforests were subjected to a loss of amphibian diversity and when drier climate prevailed there occurred a loss of reptile diversity.Human activities like creating agricultural lands, lands for development of infrastructure and pollution results in collapse of the habitats .The form of habitat destruction which occurs in deserts is known as desertification,which occurs in forests are known as deforestation,which occurs in coastal areas are known as coral

A Narrative Account Of A Multilingual Informant Free Essays

string(66) " her favourite language specifically from a social point of view\." Introduction The analysis of how an individual correlates with a specific environment and how the person responds to an interview on specific issues has been known to be one of the main tools of analysing the impact of language in communication (Anthias, 2001). This paper analyses interview response of a multilingual informant as an approach of investigating how an individual’s group membership can be correlated to the way they speak. It will also create an in-depth-scrutiny of the language and practices of a multilingual speaker in the context of their local community and the effect of globalisation on language and communication. We will write a custom essay sample on A Narrative Account Of A Multilingual Informant or any similar topic only for you Order Now The informant in this study is a 52-year-old multilingual woman who speaks five different languages: Hungarian, English, French, German, and Russian. Hungarian is the informant’s mother tongue. She originates from Hungary and communicates to family members in Hungarian. Although she has travelled and lived in different parts of Europe, she learned the different languages for different reasons. Monolingual ideologies are prevalent in most cities of Europe. This has forced people who have a different mother tongue to learn the dominant language in these cities (Thorne et al., 2009). Thome et al argues that this majorly because the state’s language is selected based on the dominant community. This is further illustrated in the interview where the respondent was compelled to learn five different languages in order to be able to communicate in different parts of Europe. According to the participant, Hungarian language is the easier language of the other four languages she has learnt. The participant was able to grasp the concepts of Hungarian language at a very young age, which made it easy and comfortable to communicate in this language. Young children develop communication and language skills easily because they are more observant and anxious to learning new things (Louise, 2010). In contrast, adults have low levels of interest in learning other languages unless enviro nmental conditions compel them to (Housen Kuiken, 2009). This is the main reason that results to cross cultural communication and miscommunication effects. This is a common phenomenon in cases where their mother tongue is not the medium of communication in the new environment they occupy. The process of changing the communication language of an individual affects the effectiveness of communication due to complexities that arise during translation. This has been clear in the approach taken by the interview participant in communication. Most of her statements have effects of direct translation from Hungarian language limiting the effectiveness of the communication. As much as she is able to communicate, she is not very versatile due to her use of a second language in communication. Studies have shown that most humans develop their communication pattern based on their primary language of communication. Other languages are normally affected by translation, which in most cases may affec t the process of communication resulting to misinterpretation. Furthermore, translation affects the ability of Diaspora communities to develop the ability to communicate effectively in the destination countries. Although English is the major language of communication of the participant, she has portrayed major translational issues. Some of her statements are translated direct from another language, which affects her communication and meaning. This means that she learnt English not out of passion as in the case of French, but because it was a necessity. This is very clear because her statements reveal someone who is new to English language yet she has resided in England since 1981. According to Thome et al (2009), this is a very long period that is enough for an individual to learn and perfect a language. Her difficulty in communication shows that she was not interested in the language. The participant also mentions taking French classes. This initiative shows that the participant regarded French language highly. However, People reside in civiliz ations that have a sturdy influence on their beliefs, opinions, and their way of living opinions and beliefs. The fact that she has lived in UK for a very long time has greatly influenced her perception of life. This is because of different perspectives adopted for different communications in different languages. As much as she is a Hungarian, her approach to communication has been greatly influenced by English language limiting the impact of her primary language in communication. This is evident in the participant’s way of living as she has reduced her language to use at home only and the use of English in most of her communication. Therefore, as much as living in Britain requires an individual to learn English, it is not a necessity to ascribe to its cultural aspects as the participant communicates in English, and she still values the cultural aspect of Hungarian language. The process of globalization and increased access to different languages affects the association of different languages. The effects are depended on how the new language was introduced to an individual. Some languages may have very little impact on an individual’s communication and attitude while others may heavily influence the approach to communication and attitude of an individual (Montaruli et al, 2011). The informant was able to learn Russian language mainly because of the setting of her upbringing. As much as the participant learnt the Russian language as a child, it is not among her favourites due to the circumstances that forced her to learn the language. Therefore, developing close ties to a certain language depends on the reasons that forced an individual learn that language (Housen Kuiken, 2009). This is demonstrated in the respondent’s approach to French language. The participant had a special person in France who motivated her to learn French. Although she no longer lives in France, she still cherishes French language. As much as French is not the fast language to the participant, she regards it as the best. The impact of French language in terms of globalization on the participant’s primary language is very evident. She prefers to relate with French as her favourite language specifically from a social point of view. You read "A Narrative Account Of A Multilingual Informant" in category "Essay examples" This means that the ability of the participant to learn French language made her appreciate the social and cultural approach adopted by the speakers of that language and therefore, circumstances that lead one to learn a new language determines how that person rates that language (Anthias, 2001). An environment that is welcoming and that present a comforting approach to communication makes an individual grasp the concepts of a language and develop close ties with the language (Wolf 2000). The vice versa is also true. The respond ent says that she was forced to learn Russian as a child. This has made the respondent develop a negative attitude towards Russian although she learnt it at a very young age (Thorne et al., 2009). The same case is evident in the approach taken by the participant on the German language. Although she does not say much about the German language, it is evident that she does not like the language The approach to language and communication in the current global world is majorly determined by the availability of the speakers of language near an immigrant in the Diaspora (Housen Kuiken, 2009). The associations between Diaspora communities determine the levels to which their original language and cultural aspects are incorporated into their new environment. The informant’s Diaspora community, which comprises mostly of close relatives, enhanced the role of the Hungarian language in the participants’ communication. The fact that the participant moved to the UK with family members allowed her to communicate with the family members frequently. Particularly, the participant has identified very few instances where she has access to her language resulting to it having minimal impacts on English, her new language. The participant is also in touch with her home country increasing the chances of utilising Hungarian language in communication. This has resulted to two effects in her language. The first effect is as a result of limited utilisation of English. The participant does not regard it highly. She views it as a requirement necessary to work and live in the UK. Furthermore, the Hungarians in Diaspora have made enabled the participant to communicate in Hungarian often. This has enabled her to perfect and preserve her native language, which has made her develop close ties with the language. The ability to speak Hungarian language has helped the participant to maintain her identity as a Hungarian national living in the UK (Montaruli et al, 2011). More so, it is clear that the circumstances in the Diaspora forced her to learn the other languages. For instance, she opted to learn English language to make her life in UK easy and comfortable. She learned Russian as it was a necessity of the dictatorship leadership that existed during those times. She learnt French so that she could communicate effectively with her special one. Generally, the ability of th e participant to develop allegiance to more than one language due to movement from one place to another has resulted to her being caught between two worlds and unable to meet her needs effectively as far as communication is concerned and the effect of different languages and approach to cultural practices. This has made her regard her situation insatiable as she tries to handle approach to culture from different languages point of view. Various authors have viewed attitude as a great determiner of languages that are easily accepted by Diaspora communities (Housen Kuiken, 2009; Wolff, 2000). The participant’s attitude played a major role in determining which languages in the Diaspora were favoured by the participant (Housen Kuiken, 2009). For instance, the participant had a negative attitude towards Russian and Germany languages as they were introduced to her as necessities of the communist dictatorship regimes. This is clear based on the response the participant provided when she was asked if her county was a communist. She quickly denied and did not even go into details as in the case of the other responses where she was provided explanations. This represents a situation where the participant was not happy with the approach of communism leadership. Generally, the participant is of Hungarian origin, but was forced to learn other languages as a necessity to overcoming her life challenges. As a child, the pa rticipant had to learn Russian to meet the obligations of the dictatorship regime. As an immigrant in France, she had to learn French as it was the only avenue of socialisation. In the UK, she was forced to learn English as most workstations employed people who spoke English. Her ability to preserve the cultural aspect of her Hungarian language indicates the strong ties that exist between an individual and his/her primary language. She had limited time to access and use Hungarian language, but the level of her association with the language indicates how close she was attached to her primary language. It is evident that the participant is a Hungarian who is proud of her language although its significance is dwindling due to globalisation of some languages such as English. Language is presented as a main form of identity for Diaspora inhabitants and a main approach to association (Montaruli et al, 2011). As much as she is in a country that is the home of English, she still manages to emphasise the importance of Hungarian language to her. This is significant as she states that it is one of the favourite languages to her. She goes further and emphasises the rel evance of the Hungarian language to her by illustrating how she prefers communicating in Hungarian rather than other languages even when far away from home. Based on the responses gathered from the respondent, it is evident that the respondent could have avoided learning the other languages, provided environmental factors allowed her. The case could have been different for an individual of Hungarian origin born and raised in the UK. Such an individual is highly likely to develop more two primary languages which will limit the level of attachment to any of the two languages (Anthias, F., 2001) Therefore, the process of learning a new language is highly affected by the environment. None of the languages the respondent learnt is as a result of educational training or just for the purpose of expanding knowledge. All the languages that are not indigenous to the participant were learnt because the environment compelled her. Her survival and success depended on these languages (Montaruli et al, 2011). For example, she could not work and live comfortably in the UK without learning English. This is illustrated where the respondent says that English is hard and that she never speaks it with her relatives. Rather, she uses Hungarian to communicate with her relatives because it is simple. The approach to communication by the participant displays a high level of application of persuasive technique (Thorne et al., 2009). The questions that are posed to the participants are mostly very straightforward that require very short responses. However, her response to the questions indicates a high level of persuasion. This is depicted in her application of repetition and detailed accounts of situations when responding to the interview questions. The participant is depicted as an indigenous Hungarian who is proud of her language is depicted by the nature of her approach to communication. In conclusion, language plays a big role in determining an individual’s approach to communication. From the above analysis of the participant’s responses, it is obvious that her indigenous language has greatly influenced the way she communicates. To begin with, when providing a response, the respondent goes beyond what is asked and gives a detailed account of the situation. This case was only different when she was asked whether Hungary is a communist state. She provided a short answer, which presented a unique situation. In this case, she must have doubted her answer otherwise; she could have provided a detailed account of her answer. Therefore, in their indigenous language, individuals are descriptive when providing a response to a certain concern. As much as her responses were in English, the fact that she prolonged her answers and had numerous statements affected by direct translation implies that her indigenous language guides her thoughts. In general, it is evident that language plays a major role in empowering Diaspora communities because they are able to communicate effectively in the new environment and hence become productive. However, language is also seen to further their division, segregation, and exclusion. This is evident in the participant’s contribution on the reasons she had to learn Russian and Germany languages. This presents both positive and negative aspect of language as viewed from a Diaspora point of view. There is increased demand for multilingualism, owing to the increasing global movement and interactions of people from different social backgrounds. Increased globalisation has also increased demand to know many languages. Apart from the mother tongue, other languages may require some formal education for effective comprehension and communication. Developing an understanding on the meaning of different communication as perceived by speakers of a certain language is central to internalising a language as a second language in communication. The experience gained while learning new languages may affect the opinion of the learners (Dewaele, 2012). Despite the differing opinions given by many multilingual individuals, multilingualism should be promoted in order to enhance effective communication in the international community as the participant clearly depicted the various relevancies of her learning several languages. It has been clear that her ability to communicate in different langua ges has enabled her to overcome various social difficulties she faced during her past and present. This will help in reducing the problem of the language barrier in foreign countries. References Anthias, F., 2001. The concept of Social Division and Theorising Social Stratification: Looking at Ethnicity and Class, Sociology, 35(4), 835-854. Dewaele, J. 2012. Multilingualism, empathy, and multicompetence. International Journal of Multilingualism: 1–15. Housen, A., Kuiken, F., 2009. Complexity, Accuracy, and Fluency in Second Language Acquisition, Applied Linguistics, 30 (4), 461-473. Louise, P. P., 2010. A sociolinguistic study of language use and identity amongst Galician young adults, University of Birmingham, M.Phil. Thesis. Montaruli, E., Bourhis, R. Y. Azurmendi, M. J., 2011. Identity, language, and ethnic relations in the Bilingual Autonomous Communities of Spain. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 15, 94–121. Thorne, S. L., Black, R. W. Sykes, J. M., 2009. Second Language Use, Socialization, and Learning in Internet Interest Communities and Online Gaming. The Modern Language Journal, 93, 802–821. Wolff, Ekkehard 2000. Language and Society. In: Bernd Heine and Derek Nurse (Eds.) African Languages – An Introduction, 317. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press. How to cite A Narrative Account Of A Multilingual Informant, Essays

Virtual Friendship and the New Narcissism free essay sample

In her essay â€Å"Virtual Friendship and the New Narcissism, Christine Rosen explores and comments on the various ways social networking sites have affected how users interpret and define a relationship. Rosen starts by comparing how our modern day social media pages are no different from the painted portraits of the people from the past. Rather than the painters retouching their work to define an image, we now update, tweak and post specific things on our â€Å"online† self-portraits to display who we are. Rosen concludes that the reason we create and tweak online profiles is to find friendship, love, and ultimately acceptance. Rosen also gives a brief history on how social networking has evolved—from what was, argumentatively the first of the social networking sites, the Bulletin Board System of the 1980’s, to the current and most popular network, Facebook. Rosen states that social networking was originally used to keep in touch with people who had just graduated college. We will write a custom essay sample on Virtual Friendship and the New Narcissism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, as social networking grew and evolved, it became used for other things such as communicating with friends, meeting new people, sharing files such as music, pictures and videos, and setting up one’s identity. Rosen then makes the connection from online identity to online communities. She notes what characterizes these online communities, depends on a number of things. Age, demographics, location and, pastimes. She states that today’s social networking sites organize themselves around the â€Å"person,† how we define ourselves online with millions of individual profiles that list interests, hobbies and the things that are important to us. She also explains how these online communities have affected our relationships in the real world. She gives the example of two users who announced their engagement over Facebook and the repercussions both on and offline when they announced it was not going to happen. Thru observations of how people’s images have evolved, how communicating and social networking has grown, and how online sites have affected our online and offline relationships, Rosen explains how online networking has greatly altered our lives. The question is, is it for the better, or for the worst?

Social Media

Introduction Advancement in technology has provided an opportunity for the development of new forms of technologies. Social media, which has become a reality through the employment of technology, is a term used to refer to various internet networks that allow people to interact, as well as share ideas and opinions in different remote locations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Social Media specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Examples of these social media include facebook, twitter, MySpace, and LinkedIn amongst others. Social media has revolutionalized the way people interact. Social Network It is only around 40 years since digital technology was invented. However, the changes that have been experienced are overwhelming. One of the potentials that digital media has realized is in its social network. This platform has turned the world into a global village besides making life much easier as people can communicate and interact anywhere in real time. The first kind of network was Myspace.com. Thomas Anderson and Chris Dewolfe created this network in August 2003 (Khristopher, 2008, p. 24). Since its creation, it has attracted approximately 200 million users in America and worldwide. Users can use their email addresses to post pictures, videos, and information about their personal status and issues in life such as political affiliation, hobbies, careers, marital status, and annual incomes just to point a few. Facebook Another social media that has become popular is facebook. Mark Zuckerberg, Dustin Moskovitz, and Chris Hughes created this network (Khristopher, 2008, p. 25). The three were students at the Harvard University when they came up with this idea. They successfully managed to launch the network in their dormitories at the University. At that moment, they targeted University students since the network was applicable or operational on a college-administered email address for registration. In 2006, the creators successfully managed to roll out their network to worldwide users who had an e-mail account (Khristopher, 2008, p. 24). When facebook allowed users to open their facebook account, News Corp had acquired MySpace.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Then, it had captured 106 million users. Other networks began to surface, which included blogs, LinkedIn, and twitter among others. As technology advanced, these networks have been used to link people in different areas of the world. The users of facebook can create their own profiles that are customized with facts and any information they want. Photos can also be attached to the profiles. They enhance the interface besides adding aura in the interaction process. The users of the platform have continued to expand over time. The major use of these networks was to communicate and share opinions and ideas. However, as the digital technology continues to advance, users have also expanded. The platform enables them to interact and make new friends. Many people have met friends through the networks that have influenced their lives positively. According to Ingrid (2010), facebook has provided an opportunity for people to meet with different people from different cultural backgrounds (p. 265). The platform has changed the lives of many across the world. A good example is Sarah Fielding, a social worker. The platform helped her develop her writing skills that elevated her towards becoming a good writer. She received support and motivation through a friend in the social media who advised and trained her to become a good writer (Ingrid, 2010, p. 265). This move is therefore a clear indication of the magnitude these social media are doing to the society. Twitter Sacks and Graves (2012) affirm that the complexities in the network diffusion require that students be trained on social media usage (p. 80). Tw itter is one of the social media networks that are popular among students. However, many of these students lack skills and knowledge to use the platform in their interaction. For instance, one of the benefits of twitter is that it allows users to send their messages quickly. Users need to keep their message short and precise because the word limit is 140 characters. Therefore, having knowledge on such attributes ensures that the networks are used well in the required manner. These networks may be abused or used in the wrong way that may cause career-damage to the students. This may arise due to issues such as using the platform for finding opposite sex friends and or communicating about immoral messages. Therefore, education is paramount.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Social Media specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Advantages of the Social Media A message can be transmitted to many users within few seconds. This has therefore helped to speed up communication. In the past, communication that involved two parties at a distant arrived late. Sometimes, the message became obsolete upon arrival (Brydon, 2010, p. 6). This platform has changed this case. Nowadays, companies are using the platform to market their products to potential customers across the world. This stands out as a strategy that many companies have resorted to due to low cost, higher transmission speed, and the huge number of people who are accessing the internet and using the social media. Social Media Issues: Is it Secure? Even as the popularity of these social media increases, many questions have arisen concerning the security of using the networks (Abbe, 2011, p. 34). The identity of the account holder is one of the issues that raise concerns. Many cyber crimes are omitted using information from facebook. For example, a person can impersonate another and solicit money from the unsuspecting users. These cases have been on the r ise since the networks emerged. An individual can create an account with false information. This has made people commit crimes of all manners in the social media. Another issue that has arisen is whether a journalist or any third party has the prerogative to use information of an individual posted on the profile (Khristopher, 2008, p. 24). The issue is unclear. It has stirred mixed reactions from members of the public. Those opposed argue that the consent of the person should be granted before using such information. On the other hand, those proposing argue that, once an individual has decided to post information on the profile, the information can be used by anybody. Social Media: Its Impact to People’s Lives These platforms therefore have both advantages and disadvantages that need to be looked into to ensure that they provide better services without risking or putting the life or the identity of an individual at risk. In the digital technology, most networks in social medi a came into the limelight in 2003. Since then, the number has increased at a tremendous rate (Khristopher, 2008, p. 24). The coming of this media was right because this was the time that the living standards of people had gone down due to economic problems. They have made communication easier and cheap as people can socialize and share information across the world in any location.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The technology was the right initiative that resonated with the current living styles among many young people who are always optimistic wanting to learn more about what is happening across the world. This social media has turned the dreams of such young people into reality as they can learn and share what is happening around the world at their homes in real time. The creators of these networks therefore provide motivation to millions of young people who indeed can explore opportunities in digital technology to innovate new technologies to spur economy forward (Moore, 2010, p. 179). The outcome of these technologies has also motivated the creators to aspire for more ways of making them even better. The networks have rocked the world: they have reshaped the way people communicate and share information. How Technology Influences the Development of Social Media Emerging digital technologies played a fundamental role in the development of social networks. The creators used the existing t echnologies in coming up with their own technologies. For instance, the three creators of facebook used the existing college email account to enable fellow students to register and share information amongst them. Therefore, the available technologies were fundamental in bringing the ideas of the social networks into reality. The internet platform was already in operation. Therefore, they pegged their ideas on such platforms in coming up with the idea of social media such as MySpace, LinkedIn, and facebook amongst others (Khristopher, 2008, p. 25). What to put in Place to Improve Social Media Services Social media is an important case in the development of digital technology that is worth studying. Already, various researchers have begun their studies on social networks. The platforms required a lot of understanding to ensure that they are used appropriately for good and not destructive reasons. The potential of technology to cause harm is evident. Therefore, a study on the best stra tegies to curb such loopholes is important. As far as I am concerned based on my experience with the use of social media, there are various things that need to be looked into to ensure that the media does not cause harm to the users. Security measures should be enhanced. Information requested by the service providers should be kept confidential to avoid access by third parties. This stands out as one of the fundamental things that need to be looked into in the future to guarantee security when it comes to the use of these social media. Furthermore, there should be precise international laws and regulations that concern the use of media. People should not use the platform to cause animosity or mayhem with others. Such communication should be tracked with the culprits being identified and persecuted. The increased rate of user-falsifying personal information should be factored in. These issues, if corrected, will influence the future of social media positively. People innovate through various ways. Some innovate through default, others do it through research while others too invent through experience. Conclusion In conclusion, advancement in technology has changed the way people carry out their businesses. The creators of these network technologies like facebook and MySpace had an idea of what they wanted to achieve. Therefore, they finally managed to succeed in fulfilling their dreams. Therefore, through the social media, the digital world is one of the highest achievements that technology has brought. People can share information, photos, research, entertainment, market their business, and any other activity that the platform can support. The innovation was appropriate and important. However, there is still the need for more efforts to ensure that these platforms are well managed to guarantee their future reliance. Reference List Abbe, E. (2011). The buzz on social media. Writer, 124(3), 34-55. Brydon, D. (2010). Social Media’s Research Potential. Engli sh Studies in Canada, 36(4), 4-8. Ingrid, T. (2010). Social Network Analysis and the Language of Sarah Fielding. European Journal of English Studies, 4(3), 265. Khristopher, B. (2008). Social networking sites. The Quill, 96(1), 24-26. Moore, M. (2010). Adaptation and New Media. Adaptation, 3(9), 179-192. Sacks, M., Graves, N. (2012). How Many Friends Do You Need? Teaching Students How to Network Using Social Media. Business Communication Quarterly, 75(1), 80-88. This essay on Social Media was written and submitted by user Vaughn H. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Essay on Amazons Vertical Integration

Essay on Amazons Vertical Integration Essay on Amazons Vertical Integration Essay on Amazons Vertical IntegrationThe marketing mix includes four essential components: product, price, promotion and place. Place denotes the approach to distribution and pertains to the methods of delivering the product or service to the target customers. The methods of distribution are shaped by the nature of the product or service, by technological factors, by the strategies of competitors, by the strategies of other participants of the supply chain or distribution chain, etc.In particular, there exist several distribution methods which include integration. The most frequently used methods are horizontal integration the inclusion of companies or business activities pertaining to the same level of the value chain, and vertical integration the integration of different levels of supply chain in one company or one union. The purpose of this paper is to analyze backward integration in publishing undertaken by Amazon, to review the facts of the battle between Amazon and Barnes and Noble, to discuss Amazons decision to get into publishing and to consider the perspectives of signing contracts with Amazon from the position of a well-known and a novel author.Key facts on the battle between Amazon and Barnes and NobleAmazon was one of the pioneers of e-commerce, and its department dealing with online sales of print books quickly became successful. Amazon paid a lot of attention to its book business and started investing into e-books and devices for reading e-books in order to attract the audience. Although Amazon clearly chose to focus on the segment of electronic books, it also entered the publishing segment and offered exclusive publishing services to the authors.Besides the bold decision on backward integration, Amazon also undertook several predatory marketing campaigns which were focused on directing customers from other book stores such as Barnes and Noble. In particular, Amazon offered an $15 discount for those customers who visited traditional bookstores and used Amazon price check app to purchase print versions of the necessary books in Amazon (instead of purchasing the books at the store they were visiting) (Hertner, 2012).Although Amazon managed to drive customer interest, publishers and book retailers united in a protest against such practices (Hertner, 2012). The companies also protest against Amazon tax protection: the company is allowed not to pay taxes across the United States because it has no physical presence in the states with sales tax (Hertner, 2012). Furthermore, Barnes and Noble made a public statement calling authors to avoid agreements with Amazon since such agreements strengthen Amazons monopoly and threaten to undermine the whole publishing industry (Turner, 2012).Despite the united efforts of publishers and book retailers, Amazon is clearly winning the game. Barnes and Noble reports that the sales of electronic and printed books are decreasing as well as the sales of electronic devices and accessories (Gelles, 2 014). The revenues of Barnes and Noble are declining, and the Nook department of Barnes and Noble is no longer able to compete with Amazon Kindle devices and the variety of tablets and smartphones available at the market. Barnes and Noble is planning to use the services of third-party manufacturers to upgrade its Nook line of e-readers or to sell the department to G Asset Management (Gelles, 2014). Although Barnes and Noble managed to optimize costs and therefore increase the overall profits despite the drop in revenue, the prospects of brick-and-mortar bookstores are not very optimistic. At the same time, Amazon is actively pursuing its vertical integration strategy and growing the market of electronic books and e-readers.Assessment of Amazons entry into publishingAmazon started as online retailer and its major competitive advantage was formed by the benefits caused by early entry into the industry (Krug, 2012). At the same time, Amazon quickly expanded its presence in innovative m arket segments. One of these segments was the publishing segment. Amazon started offering publishing services to authors and focused on selling both printed and electronic versions of books. From the authors perspective, such idea is fruitful as it allows to gain access to a large audience and helps to target both the fans of printed books and the new generation of readers who prefer e-ink devices for reading.Amazons conditions are exclusive and the authors might be unable to publish their books with other publishers. In this way, Amazon manages to eliminate intermediaries and therefore decrease publishing costs. Furthermore, Amazon receives the opportunity to capitalize on publishing books and strengthens its supply chain. At the same time, Amazons exclusive publishing conditions result in the weakening of other publishers and book retailers and in the strengthening of Amazons market position. Therefore, vertical integration is highly beneficial for Amazon as it helps the company t o expand the market of e-books and at the same time to retain its leadership in selling printed books.Author choices in different situationsFrom the perspective of a popular author of childrens fiction, it might be not very beneficial to sign a contract with Amazon since this company requests exclusive rights, and a popular author might want to choose more beneficial contracts with other publishers in the future. Furthermore, book retailers and publishers often boycott Amazons printed books and therefore signing a contract with Amazon might limit access to readers audience for a popular author. Therefore, it would be reasonable for a popular author to reject Amazon offer and to retain the relationships with the traditional publisher.In the case of a new author working on a first book it is best to accept Amazons offer because of several reasons. First of all, it is difficult for beginning authors to attract the attention to traditional publishers because of numerous procedures and r equirements as well as competition in this sphere. Every publisher also targets a particular audience and it is hard for a new author to choose the right publisher and to win the contract. In Amazons case, the risks for a new author are lower and the author can quickly gain access to a worldwide audience (especially in the case of electronic books).Conclusions and recommendationsThe development of technology has dramatically changed distribution channels in the publishing industry. The dynamics of the recent decade shows that the sales of e-books are increasing and the sales of print books are declining (Trachtenberg, 2014). Amazon is the global leader in selling e-books while the sales of Barnes and Noble are declining (Trachtenberg, 2014). However, there are specific categories of print books the demand for which is growing or keeps at the same level: these are textbooks, books for entertainment (detectives, fiction), books for children and illustrated books such as recipe books ( Herther, 2012).The major strategic advantage of Barnes and Noble is its brick-and-mortar chain of stores. At the same time, this chain of stores incurs significant costs. It is recommended for Barnes and Noble to track the categories of print books the demand for which is still high, and to optimize its store layout to offer only these categories of books available for instantaneous purchase. Other categories of books should be sold in online store of Barnes and Noble.Furthermore, to stay in the publishing business, Barnes and Noble needs to keep in touch with technology. In this context, acquisitions of new technologies might be helpful for the company if these technologies can enhance reading experience. Currently Barnes and Noble can improve its market position if the company focuses on delivering ultimate reading experience and empowering it with technology. The company made a bold move by introducing Nook reader, and it would be efficient to empower this device with break-throu gh technology. In any case, Barnes and Noble should focus on online distribution of print and electronic books, and use its brick-and-mortar stores in combination with its digital strategy.

Possible Problems in Air Arabia's Future Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Possible Problems in Air Arabia's Future - Essay Example and Europe tourist trade, where travelers are more affected by high oil prices than are local travelers. Low-cost airlines have been able to supply routes previously unserved or underserved by traditional network airlines, with local customers taking advantage of low cost. What are the factors that allow an airline to compete successfully with ticket prices It is necessary for an airline like Air Arabia to look to their competition and find ways to offer lower prices than any other airline and still maintain customer satisfaction (Sector; Air). 1. "No frills" services such as not serving food on board or by charging customers for food and drink. Air Arabia maintains competitive pricing by offering a single class with a simple fare structure, and by charging money for on-board food, drinks, and headsets through agreements with various companies to sell consumer items on board, thereby providing a good complimentary income to the low cost model. By focusing on short direct flights, it might not even be necessary to offer food at all (Air 19). 3. Creating package deals through cooperation with hotels and car rental companies.

Juvenile delinquency Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Juvenile delinquency - Essay Example And with the change in the family values in the modern world the pressure exerted on the juveniles according to the nature of their families has increased. Usually it is seen that the children who have a small family tend to make friends outside i.e. in their schools. These children then tend to get involved in peer activities which can at times result in delinquency. Thus family size can matter in curbing or increasing the rate of delinquency in the juveniles. Similarly the way the juveniles are being treated at their homes is also a strong factor in determining that a child would get involved with criminal activities or not. For e.g. child from a divorced couple may be more likely to get involve with these activities. Divorce is an important aspect which can lead to a distortion in the behavior of parents which can further lead the children to go into a state of trauma. This trauma can therefore lead to the involvement of children in unusual activities of criminal nature. On the ot her hand it can be noted that children who have been provided with proper care and treatment in their homes are less likely to be involved in such activities. Furthermore the social class to which the child belongs also plays an important role in determining his future. By social class here it is meant as to which class of the society does he belong to, i.e. race, ethnicity and status. Race and Ethnicity can be important in the lives of children as nowadays all over the world there is a widespread discrimination amongst certain castes. This discrimination can lead to negligence of the children by his other peers or teachers which may lead to distortion in his behavior. School plays an important role in the life of a child as it is the first public institution to which he is exposed in life. And if his first experience in school is loaded with taunts and abuses then he may land up in getting involved in criminal activities.

Is Murdoch empire will collapse Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Is Murdoch empire will collapse - Article Example Although she was born in the year 1968, nevertheless, her association with the use of psychology for the purpose of governing the masses relates back to the nineteenth century. She got married to the great grandson of Sigmund Freud – a psychoanalyst who is well-known for his work on transference, unconscious mind and sexual drive. Her husband, Mathew Freud, is PR tycoon as well. This marriage related Elizabeth Murdoch to the Freud’s cousin, Edward Bernays who is known as the father of public relations and propaganda. The organizations of the Murdoch family are based upon that premise as their personal and professional agenda is one of manipulating minds through maintaining public relations and thereby, controlling the news. They transformed the information in to entertainment for the purpose of distracting the people for their own interest. The Rupert’s holdings have been tainted in three continents, so far. He had to be testified in front of the British Parliame nt. Some members of the inner circle of the New Corp have resigned or been arrested. Julia Gillard, the Prime Minister of Australia has declared that News Corp’s Holdings could possibly have to face an inquiry in her country.

Distinctions Between Whats True, Whats False

Distinctions Between Whats True, Whats False The statement There are no absolute distinctions between what is true and what is false is both correct and incorrect when examining certain areas of knowledge and ways of knowing. To evaluate the statements accuracy we must understand the meaning of the words true, false and absolute. In my opinion something that has been proven as correct or real is true. On the other hand, something which has failed to be proven true is false, yet this definition itself may be incorrect as others might argue that a claim which has not been credited as true does not necessarily mean it is false. Lastly, the term absolute is something perfect or unlimited. However, how can something be proven true, and if it has, then who determines when there is enough proof to make it true? Normally we rely on evidence to help us prove the validity of a claim, particularly for historical and scientific claims. On the other hand, evidence used could contain problems of knowledge due to bias which could be associate d with it. Therefore, what kind of evidence is needed to have a justified truth in the different areas of knowledge? In my opinion, perception is one of the most important ways of knowing, since we often depend on it to determine whether a claim is true or false. For example, the existence of light is considered a fact due to perceptionyet to a person who has been blind their whole life, light would be considered a myth since they have never perceived it. On the other hand, perception can deceive us and lead us away from the truth. Take for instance a schizophrenic patient. Science has proven that people who suffer schizophrenia are delusional.  [1]  The people they interact with are true to them but their existence to us is false. What gives us the right to deny their existence? Perhaps we are the ones who have a barrier to our senses that stops us from seeing what schizophrenic patients see. Therefore perception could be considered relative as it creates different truths to different individuals and is therefore subjective. Nevertheless it is not just perception alone which leads us to the tr uth. Science is a discipline that is based on hard, objective and systematic evidence before truths can be reached. Through tests and observations possible explanations or hypotheses are formed and later developed into scientific claims which could be regarded as true or false. For example, the cell theory, which states that all living organisms are composed of cells, that cells are the smallest units of life and that they come from pre-existing cells, was derived from several similar hypotheses and then confirmed after many scientists experiments and observations.  [2]  The cell theory is considered true by a large number of scientists yet it can be argued that we cannot claim that the theory is an absolute truth since new evidence can appear and contradict explanations to the theory which could lead, after further experimentation, to new and improved knowledge and a more accurate truth. This is apparent when examining the induced-fit model by Koshland which was discovered after the lock and key model was developed to describe the mechanism of enzyme action.  [3]  The induced model highlighted that certain enzymes could catalyse several similar reactions contradicting the belief that enzymes were as rigid as previously proposed by the lock and key model. From the above examples we can see that scientists are able to distinguish between a true claim and a false one, to a certain extent, and that new truths are built from previous claims which were/are believed to be true but, that it is almost impossible to state that a claim is the absolute truth. I believe the problem with scientific claims is that most scientists have not tested the validity of the previous scientific truths on which they build their new scientific claim. This makes the previous scientific truths, subjective truths, but scientists use these subjective truths in the hope of finding objective truth. Meanwhile, not all scientific claims which have been proven true remain true. Science has witnessed paradigm shifts such as the shift in the belief that stress and spicy food were the causes to stomach ulcers. This was thought because the idea of bacterium surviving in the acidic environment of a stomach was not a possibility, yet it was later proven that the true cause of ulcers was a bacterium known as Helicobacter pylori which lives in the mucus layer near the stomach wall cells.  [4]  This example shows that science has its limitations at certain points of time and that what we believe is true today may not be true tomorrow, therefore embracing Karl Poppers idea of falsification. These paradigm shifts also lead to the idea that there may be no absolute proof in science that can verify nor falsify the validity of a scientific hypothesis. Therefore, should science embrace the concept of relativism, the idea that some claims are true for some people but not necessarily true for all?  [5]  If we deny the concept of relativism, would it prevent us from moving forward and gaining new knowledge since scientific knowledge comes from known truths? I believe that we should bear in mind the chance that any scientific claim known now could be altered or changed at any moment, but as knowers ourselves we should avoid gullibility by continuing to question these scientific claims especially during classes such as the sciences where we as students are exposed to these claims through secondary sources. History is an area of knowledge where determining true historical claims is very different from in science since knowers cannot directly observe the past.  [6]  It is up to historians and the evidence left behind to develop historical claims and prove their validity. During a History class, I was asked to evaluate a few sources of evidence in relation to the Vietnam War. Each source showed different aspects of the war. Here, I was introduced to propaganda and how far off from the truth it can lead people. Certain evidence such as photographs can deceive us again due to our perception as each person may conclude something different. The media is often accused of using certain photographs which appear to convey a certain message leading to biases. Reasoning, one of the ways of knowing, is used in order to conclude on past events. However, how reliable is the historical evidence? Is it all correct, or does it consist of fabricated facts? I once gave a seminar on the Arab-Israeli conflict, the central conflict in the novel One More River, by Lynne Reid Banks. Countries such as the US have failed to solve this conflict due to the two stories of each nation. For both Palestinians and Israelis, most of the evidence they have is based on their beliefs and stories. However stories in history are often not considered as legitimate evidence, for the truth to be determined. Where does the truth really lie with the assumption that previous generations of both sides may have tried to hide the truth in order to insure that future generations could continue to claim the land as their own? Other nations are involved in trying to resolve this conflict, and emotions can play a major part in determining whose side you take through religious or linguistic affinity. The media play on emotion and help shape peoples opinions towards certain topics through the very language, tone and imagery that are used. Language and emotions can either mask the truth or make it clearer. The media are full of news stories that project their own biases, often negatively influencing the perception of the readers/viewers. In such instances, it is almost impossible to establish what is true and what is really false. Mathematics is an area of knowledge which begins logically from a set of axioms (assumptions)  [7]  from which objective truth is stereotypically claimed to be present. For example, 1+1 will always equal 2 yet this example faces counter-claims such as the fact that 1+1= from an artistic perspective forms a window. It could also be argued that when looking at a real life situation where 1 man and 1 woman enter a house we should have 2 people in the house according to the definition, but what if the woman is in the early stages of pregnancy? Therefore in contrary to perception, there would be more than two living human beings in the house, disproving the mathematical definition. An example of objective truth in mathematics is the fact that parallel lines never meet. If they meet, then they would no longer be parallel. In my opinion, math is the not the strongest area of knowledge which agrees with the statement at hand since distinctions between true and false mathematical claims i s possible. However, some areas in mathematics remain subjective. For instance, it could be argued that in order to solve a mathematical equation, mathematical theories and laws must be accepted, making the truth in maths subjective. Over all, after examining three of the six main areas of knowledge, mathematics seems to least support the claim that There are no absolute distinctions between what is true and what is false, as there is much objective truth in mathematics. We see that different areas of knowledge use different ways of knowing as evidence to distinguish between true and false statements in addition to the problems associated with them. Lastly we see how difficult it is to state that absolute truths exist as well as form an absolute distinction between what is true and what is false. Word count: 1598

Dom Casmurro by Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, and Chronicle of A Deat

Dom Casmurro by Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, and Chronicle of A Death Foretold by Gabriel Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez Works Cited Not Included Religion is supremacy, perfection and spirituality. A typical Latin American religious community heavily relies on religion to provide a moral framework to guide and protect its citizens. However, projecting religion in the light of perfection is superficial. In actuality, it often contains flaws underneath its idealistic teachings. The inadequacy in maintaining the idealistic doctrines is deeply rooted in society. Such notion is reflected and commented upon in the novels Dom Casmurro by Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis and Chronicle of A Death Foretold by Gabriel Garci ­a Marquez. In both novels, the authors effectively criticize religion through their satiric portrayal of religious authorities and other characters' attitudes towards religion. The two novels reveal the practical result of religion in a critical light. The ideal doctrine of religion adjusts itself to the imperfect world in ways that some times do not command respect. The actual practice of the doctrine allows flexibility, which is often abused. In Dom Casmurro, Bento and Jose Dias imagine that a journey to see the Pope will undo Dona Gloria's promise to God. Eventually they settle the matter much more conveniently by resorting to the local church. As shown in Escobar's speech, the characters are constantly manipulating with the power of the religious authorities: "Consult the protonotary about it and if he hesitates, we'll speak to the bishop" (171). This implies that the people often seek and take advantages of the plot holes in religion. The concept of religion as an obligation becomes obvious through... ...o to mirror the Church's failure to uphold high moral standards and use their authority effectively and seriously. Through the subtle and detailed portrayals of the characters in the novels Chronicle of A Death Foretold and Dom Casmurro shed a criticizing light on the hypocritical Church present in the community. Bento's repulsion to be religiously devoted bluntly reveals the blemishes in the practical result of religion hidden underneath seemingly deep devotion. The tragedy of Santiago Nasar explores the other defects of religion, one that is present in the Church itself, and how failure to uphold moral standards in Church upsets the community. Of course the authors do not write solely to condemn religion, they also bring forth the concept that people must adjust their attitudes toward religion and then irrational, old values set by the past Church.